More adverse reactions following bivalent COVID-19 mRNA booster vaccine

'A recent study posted to the medRxiv* preprint server examined adverse reactions after administration of a bivalent BNT162b2 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine booster.

Vaccination is critical against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but emerging mutant variants of the virus impair the effectiveness of vaccines based on the original/wildtype SARS-CoV-2. Consequently, bivalent vaccines with spike messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) of wildtype and Omicron BA.1 or BA.4/5 variant have been developed.

Reports suggest that the bivalent mRNA-1273.214 vaccine based on the Wuhan-Hu-1 and Omicron BA.1 spike mRNA has a slightly higher rate of adverse reactions. Moreover, no evidence of adverse reactions after bivalent COVID-19 vaccination is available due to approval without additional clinical studies.

In the present study, researchers in Germany and the United Kingdom evaluated adverse reactions, pro re nata (PRN) medication intake, and the ability to work after the second booster vaccination (fourth dose) among healthcare workers (HCWs). All participants had been previously administered European Medicines Agency (EMA)-approved primary COVID-19 immunization, followed by subsequent mRNA vaccine-based booster dose.

The second booster vaccine was either the monovalent BNT162b2 vaccine or the bivalent BNT162b2 vaccine with spike mRNA of wildtype and Omicron BA.4/5 variant. Participants who received a different vaccine as the second booster dose and those who received a concurrent influenza vaccination were excluded from the study.

Data on adverse reactions, sociodemographic factors, PRN medication, and the ability to work were obtained by a questionary using Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap) tool. In addition, the null hypothesis was tested using the Mann-Whitney U and Fisher’s exact tests. Seventy-six HCWs received the second COVID-19 booster from August 13, 2021, to October 14, 2022.

Thirty-seven HCWs received the monovalent BNT162b2 vaccine, and 39 received the bivalent vaccine (wildtype/Omicron BA.4/5). Most HCWs (80%) were female; the median age of female and male HCWs was 47 and 51, respectively. The rate of adverse reactions following the second booster administration was significantly higher among HCWs immunized with the bivalent vaccine (84%) than those receiving the monovalent vaccine (51%).'

[news-medical.net]