Weather? Our lifespans are short, the data is insufficient and our understanding is still limited. Estimates are that the earth has been around for billions of years yet we’ve only been significantly or meaningfully recording or studying the weather for at most hundreds of years.

Time speeding up? A gps user at high altitude will record a different time passage rate than a gps user at low altitude. Time runs at different speeds depending on where we are. The earth’s equatorial spin is 1040 mph and the speed decreases the further one is from the equator, a fraction of a mph at the poles. Elliptical orbits and gravitational changes due to the equatorial bulge make satellite time passage erratic. I don’t know enough to know about the physics of time.

Sorry, I have no idea what you are talking about.

Time can and does speed up, and slow down, all over the place all of the time, that is just called "normal". While in another sense, our local time, is just a function of how we measure it, so that if its speed changed, so would the speed of our clocks, and therefore we would not be aware of it.

Yet another case of the Bible getting nearly everything wrong.