Bite marks on the tibia of a Giant Sloth from the Miocene of Peru.
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Following the extinction of non-avian dinosaurs, the largest Cainozoic continental predator was neither a Mammal nor a Bird, but the Giant Caiman Purussaurus. This animal exceeded 10 m long and inhabited South America during the middle and late Miocene (about 13–6 million years ago), when a system of wetlands flourished in northwestern Amazonia. Several lignitic localities of the Pebas Formation near the Peruvian city of Iquitos have yielded geological and palaeontological data regarding the life within this vast complex of lakes and swamps, named the Pebas Mega-Wetland System. The record includes a plethora of fossil evidence, among which Crocodylians showed notable disparity and diversity.