Catonyx tarijensis: Reconstruction of the cranial anatomy and palaeoneurology of a extinct Scelidotheriine Sloth from the Pleistocene of Bolivia.
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Sloths, Folivora, are today represented by only two genera, Bradypus and Choloepus, and constitute an endemic South and Central American Mammalian clade restricted to Neotropical rain forests. By contrast, their fossil record is extremely rich and diverse, spanning chronologically from the late Eocene to the early Holocene, and geographically covering nearly all of the American supercontinent. The Mylodontidae is one of the most important Folivoran clades, representing a major subdivision of Sloths diversity. Its representatives were mainly quadrupedal and terrestrial, and in some cases developed digging capabilities. Mylodontid Sloths were particularly widespread and abundant in South America, but they also reached Central and North America in different migratory events.