I don't think any amount of mathematical testing would ever conclusively demonstrate that a theory was a correct description of the world/universe. Not to the satisfaction of most physicists and cosmologists, anyway.

@Coffeo

That just proves that Mathematicians have superior intellect to Scientists.

@TheAstroChuck

Not really. Mathematical method is amazingly rigorous. Mathematics is about modelling, analysis, expression, rigorous math norms (think Euclid's Elements), mechanics, finding applications, axiomatics, formulaics, proof, disproof, evaluation, logic, problem solving, tactics, strategy, language, inventiveness, knowing the current compendium of math knowledge, etc. It is a knowledge structure that has only been mastered by one person-Hilbert. That's it. Science is an easier knowledge structure to internalize in the head.

However, that's probably just how I think, because I am a Math major, and I have this weird thing where I think that Math is a deity.

@DZhukovin Mathematics is certainly extremely rigorous, and it does a surprisingly good job of describing the world. But we only know this because of observations.

Absolutely true. But the theory might still be useful.