According to studies, over years the number of those who consider themselves atheists in Kazakhstan has tripled.
In 2019, the share of non-believers in Kazakhstan was 18.8 per cent of total population, according to the vice-speaker of lower house of parliament Vladimir Bojko. Just over 75 per cent of Kazakhstanis consider themselves believers, but do not perform regular religious rites and are not involved in the activities of any religious associations.
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[cabar.asia]
Most of this non-practice came under the Soviet rule. I visited some Baltic countries and Uzbekistan and I was surprised to find out that the favorite Muslim morning prayer call called "Azan" from the top of the masjid (heard in all other Muslim countries in all neighborhoods) was banned by the Soviets.
One of the best ways to popularize something is to ban it. But among millennials, new college entrants in America listing their religious preference as "none" is now around 24% (up 3% in the last decade). That's progress. More and more young people don't like their parent's religion.
I agree and I like it but I did not see any enthusiasm for wanting Azan back in the culture in Uzbekistan. Races are also mixed between Russian and Uzbeks. Everybody speaks two languages at least. It seemed to me that that people are not attracted to going back to extreme traditions but instead are very eager to see progress. They are more eager to experience the Western prosperity than listening to the Mullahs.