Which end did he come out of?
There's so many questions to be answered here.
Why (if the submersible creature existed) didn't it Bob to the surface?

Why wasn't Jonah covered in brown after going through the delivery department?

Did he ever develop a neurosis about the ocean?

Was he ever noted to have a sudden interest in chips?

How did he breathe?
Fish have no lungs, they filter oxygen from water via their gills, their innards digestive and respiratory system are a closed system, and they are submarine animals with no need to come to the surface to feed or take in air with their food.
Their might be a slight chance of survival if Jonah was riding inside an air breathing marine mammal such as a whale of dolphin, but the bible is very definite that it was a fish, a great fish.
So again why did Jonah not suffocate?

Uncle Jonah: Pick me up and throw me into the sea, and it will become calm. I know that it is my fault that this great storm has come upon you.

So the sailors agreed and did as they were told.

Good job.

A submarine would definitely be faster and the air sweeter.